Introduction :
Biology in the GUJCET exam plays a vital role for students aiming for careers in medical and life sciences. The syllabus is designed to cover diverse topics like genetics, ecology, human physiology, and biotechnology, ensuring that students develop a thorough understanding of biological principles and their real-world applications.
Syllabus Topics & Subtopics:
- Reproduction:
- Reproduction in organisms
- Sexual reproduction in flowering plants
- Human reproduction: male and female reproductive systems
- Reproductive health and assisted reproductive technologies
- Genetics and Evolution:
- Principles of inheritance and variation: Mendelian inheritance, codominance, and multiple alleles
- Molecular basis of inheritance: DNA replication, genetic code, and mutations
- Evolution: theories of evolution, natural selection, and speciation
- Biology and Human Welfare:
- Human health and diseases: pathogens, immunity, vaccines
- Strategies for food production: plant and animal breeding
- Microbes in human welfare: industrial production, antibiotics, and biofertilizers
- Biotechnology:
- Principles of biotechnology: genetic engineering, recombinant DNA technology
- Applications of biotechnology in agriculture and medicine: GM crops, gene therapy
- Biotechnological processes: PCR, gene cloning
- Ecology and Environment:
- Ecosystem: structure, energy flow, nutrient cycling
- Biodiversity and its conservation: types, significance, and threats to biodiversity
- Environmental issues: air and water pollution, global warming, ozone depletion, waste management
- Human Physiology:
- Digestion and absorption: alimentary canal and digestive enzymes
- Breathing and respiration: mechanism of breathing, gas exchange, and regulation
- Circulation: heart structure, cardiac cycle, and blood groups
- Excretory system: structure of the nephron and urine formation
- Nervous system: structure and function of neurons, synaptic transmission
- Endocrine system: hormonal coordination in humans
- Plant Physiology:
- Photosynthesis: light reaction, dark reaction, and factors affecting photosynthesis
- Respiration in plants: glycolysis, Kreb’s cycle, electron transport system
- Plant growth and development: hormones, photoperiodism, and vernalization